The owners of Elon Musk’s X, the social media site formerly known as Twitter, include Bill Ackman and Sean “Diddy” Combs.
The platform has been forced to disclose its investors following a lawsuit filed by former employees demanding payment of arbitration fees incurred after Musk purchased the site.
X had previously argued that information about its investors was confidential “as is customary and consistent with company policy.” But this week, a federal judge in California ruled to release the list of site owners.
Among the nearly 100 owners of the social media giant are some well-known names, both from the world of investments and from the X-universe.
Previously High-profile investors such as Fidelity were associated with X, mainly because the investment vehicle’s documents implied a 72% loss in the company’s value since Musk took over.
However, recent filings show that the investment giant supports the platform: nearly 30 different companies affiliated with Fidelity hold shares in the brand.
The documents revealed this week also revealed the company’s lesser-known shareholders.
The list seen by Assets announces that the Pershing Square Foundation owns a stake in X. If the name sounds familiar, it’s because of its connection to Pershing Square Holdings, founded 20 years ago by billionaire investor Bill Ackman.
Although the foundation of the same name is run by an independent management team, Ackman and his wife Neri Oxman Co-trustee.
Ackman is a dedicated user of X and frequently uses the platform to high-profile individuals and organizations. He uses it to debate Shark Tank star Mark Cuban and ask questions about the leadership of his alma mater, Harvard University.
Elsewhere on the ownership list is Oracle founder Larry Ellison. The investment in X is made through the Lawrence J. Ellison Revocable Trust, whose primary business, according to a 2008 SEC report filed by Assetsis to “manage the assets and estate of Mr. Ellison.”
The interests of the trust and Oracle are unrelated, the SEC filing further states.
Unlike Ackman, Ellison is not as avid a user of the site. Although he has more than 130,000 followers, Ellison has posted three times – once in 2012 and once in 2023.
Another notable name on the list is Sean Combs Capital.
Although SEC filings do not reveal any matches with the company, it has previously been linked to American rapper Diddy (formerly known as Puff Daddy), who has founded a number of companies under his birth name.
These included the Sean Combs Foundation, Combs Investments and, more recently, the umbrella brand for his investments, Combs Global.
Musk’s plan has also managed to attract the attention of the royal family: His Royal Highness Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud is also on the list.
The Saudi prince has a net worth of nearly $19 billion, according to Forbes, and also owns shares in the luxury hotels Four Seasons and Savoy, as well as other technology companies such as the ride-sharing company Lyft.
In addition, despite his criticism of Musk’s leadership, Jack Dorsey still appears to own shares in the platform he founded through Jack Dorsey Remainder LLC.
The Twitter co-founder previously supported the Tesla CEO in his takeover of the company, but left reiterated his support earlier this year, telling a member on rival social media platform Bluesky: everything went down the drain.”
Doubling of investments
Among the lesser-known names are some organizations that not only own shares in Company X, but also have senior executives involved.
Take people like Danilo Kawasaki and Ross Gerber.
According to the documents, the two are named as individual investors in X, but also own shares in the company they run, the wealth and investment management firm Gerber Kawasaki.
Elsewhere on the list are the expected venture capitalists from Silicon Valley: 8VC, Andreessen Horowitz and Sequioa.
Of course, Musk himself is also on the list. The SpaceX founder is also listed via the Elon Musk Revocable Trust.
Musk bought the site in 2022 for $44 billion, although the The filing did not disclose how much of his investment share was compared to others. Since then, the company has been hit by departing advertisers, mass layoffs, and criticism of Musk’s strategy.
X did not respond immediately to Fortunes Request for comment.
The complete list
- 8VC Opportunities Fund II, LP
- ADREM X LLC
- ADREM Y LLC
- Afshar Partners, LP
- Andrea Stroppa
- Andreessen Horowitz LSV Fund III, LP
- Anthem Ventures, LLC
- ARK Venture Private Holdings LLC
- BAMCO, Inc.
- Bandera Fund LLC
- Baron Opportunity Fund
- Baron Partners Fund
- Binance Capital Management Co., Ltd
- Brookfield Project X LP•CCM 2020 Investments LLC
- Cheng and Chen Family Trust
- CNK Fund IV, LP
- Daniel Kawasaki
- Dayton Family Enterprises, LLC
- Dayton Family Investments, LLC
- DFJ GROWTH IV, LP
- DFJ GROWTH IV PARALLEL FUND, LLC
- DFJ-GROWTH XI, LP
- Eden Relationship Capital LP
- Elon Musk as trustee of the Elon Musk Revocable Trust dated July 22, 2003
- FIAM Target Date Blue Chip Growth Commingled Pool By: Fidelity InstitutionalAsset Management Trust Company as Trustee
- Fidelity Blue Chip Growth Commingled Pool By: Fidelity Management TrustCompany, as Trustee
- Fidelity Blue Chip Growth Institutional Trust Through its manager Fidelity InvestmentsCanada ULC
- Fidelity Canadian Growth Company Fund through its manager Fidelity InvestmentsCanada ULC
- Fidelity Central Investment Portfolios LLC: Fidelity US Equity Central Fund – Communications Services Sub
- Fidelity Contrafund: Fidelity Advisor New Insights Fund – Sub A
- Fidelity Contrafund: Fidelity Advisor New Insights Fund – Sub B
- Fidelity Contrafund: Fidelity Contrafund•Fidelity Contrafund: Fidelity Contrafund K6
- Fidelity Contrafund: Fidelity Series Opportunistic Insights Fund
- Fidelity Contrafund Commingled Pool By: Fidelity Management Trust Company, as Trustee
- Fidelity Destiny Portfolios: Diversified equity fund from Fidelity Advisor
- Fidelity Global Growth and Value Investment Trust – Sub A From its manager Fidelity Investments Canada
- Fidelity Global Innovators Investment Trust through its manager Fidelity InvestmentsCanada ULC
- Fidelity Growth Company Mixed Pool By: Fidelity Management TrustCompany, as trustee
- Fidelity Insights Investment Trust Through its manager Fidelity Investments CanadaULC
- Fidelity Mt Vernon Street Trust: Fidelity Growth Company Fund
- Fidelity Mt Vernon Street Trust: Fidelity Growth Company K6 Fund
- Fidelity Mt. Vernon Street Trust: Fidelity Series Growth Fund
- Fidelity OTC Commingled Pool By: Fidelity Management Trust Company, as Trustee
- Fidelity Puritan Trust: Fidelity Puritan Fund – Stock Sub B
- Fidelity Puritan Trust: Puritan K6 Fund – Equity Subportfolio•Fidelity Securities Fund: Fidelity Blue Chip Growth Fund
- Fidelity Securities Fund: Fidelity Blue Chip Growth K6 Fund
- Fidelity Securities Fund: Fidelity OTC K6 Portfolio
- Fidelity Securities Fund: Fidelity OTC portfolio
- Fidelity Select Portfolios: Selected Communication Services Portfolio•G64 Ventures LLC
- Gerber Kawasaki Inc.
- GFNCI LLC
- Gigafund 0.21, LP
- Glacier Ventures LLC
- GoMav, LLC
- His Royal Highness Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud
- His Royal Highness Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud
- IMG US, LLC
- Jack Dorsey Balance LLC
- Jack Dorsey Tr Ua 12/08/2010 Jack Dorsey Revocable Trust
- Kingdom Holding Company
- Revocable Trust of Lawrence J. Ellison
- Linda Ye and Robin Ren Family Foundation
- Litani Ventures•Luchi Fiduciaria SR POS. 365
- Manhattan Venture Partners X LLC
- Mirae Asset Innovation X ONE, LLC
- Mirae Asset Project X Fund I, LP•Olivier Janssens
- Q Tetris Holding LLC
- Ross Gerber
- Santo Lira LLC
- SC CDA1 LLC
- SCGE Fund, LP•SCGGF III – US/India Management, LP
- SCHF (M) PV, LP
- Scott Nolan
- SC US/E Expansion Fund I Management, LP
- Sean Combs Capital, LLC
- Sequent (Switzerland) AG as trustee of the Debala Trust
- Sequoia Capital Fund, LP
- Series N Dis, a series of Atreides Special Circumstances Fund, LLC
- Shahidi Tactic Group, LLC
- Steve Davis
- T.One Holdings LLC
- The Pershing Square Foundation
- TM33 Partners Holdings
- Tresser Blvd 402 LLC
- UnipolSai SPA
- Variable Insurance Products Fund II: VIP Contrafund Portfolio – Sub-portfolio A
- VYC25 Limited
- X Holdings I Investment, LLC
